Canada Immigration
Express Entry
This is the primary pathway for skilled workers to immigrate to Canada. It manages applications for three federal economic immigration programs:
Federal Skilled Worker Program (FSWP)
Federal Skilled Trades Program (FSTP)
Canadian Experience Class (CEC)
Provincial Nominee Program (PNP):
Each Canadian province and territory (except Quebec) has its own immigration program that nominates individuals for permanent residency based on local labor market needs and economic priorities.
Family Sponsorship
Canadian citizens and permanent residents can sponsor their family members for immigration to Canada, including spouses, common-law partners, dependent children, parents, and grandparents.
Atlantic Immigration Pilot
This program is designed to address labor market needs in the Atlantic provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Prince Edward Island. Employers in these provinces can hire skilled workers and international graduates through designated programs.
Rural and Northern Immigration Pilot
This pilot program aims to attract skilled workers to rural and northern communities in Canada that are facing demographic challenges. Participating communities can recommend eligible candidates for permanent residence.
Caregiver Program
This program allows caregivers (such as nannies, au pairs, and home support workers) to come to Canada to provide care for children, elderly persons, or individuals with disabilities. Caregivers can apply for permanent residence after meeting certain requirements.
Start-up Visa Program
This program is for entrepreneurs who have innovative business ideas and the potential to create jobs in Canada. Successful applicants receive support from designated organizations and can apply for permanent residence.
Refugee and Humanitarian Resettlement
Canada has a long-standing commitment to refugee resettlement and provides protection to refugees and asylum seekers fleeing persecution or conflict. The government works with international organizations to identify and resettle refugees in Canada.
Express Entry Canada
This program is for skilled workers who want to become permanent residents based on being qualified in a skilled trade. To be eligible, candidates must have at least two years of full-time work experience (or an equal amount of part-time work experience) in a skilled trade within the five years before applying, among other requirements.
Here's how the Express Entry system works:
Key Features
Candidates who meet the eligibility criteria for one of the three federal economic immigration programs — the Federal Skilled Worker Program, the Federal Skilled Trades Program, or the Canadian Experience Class — can submit an Express Entry profile online. Once in the pool, candidates are assigned a CRS score and ranked against other applicants
- Core Human Capital Factors (Maximum 500 points):
- Age
- Level of Education
- Language Proficiency in English and/or French
- Canadian Work Experience
- Spouse or Common-Law Partner Factors (Maximum 40 points):
- Spouse's or partner's level of education
- Spouse's or partner's language proficiency
- Spouse's or partner's Canadian work experience
- Skill Transferability Factors (Maximum 100 points):
- Education level combined with language proficiency
- Foreign work experience combined with language proficiency
- Canadian work experience combined with language proficiency
- Education level combined with Canadian work experience
- Additional Factors (Maximum 600 points)
- Valid job offer from a Canadian employer (additional points)
- Provincial nomination (additional points)
- Sibling in Canada as a citizen or permanent resident (additional points)
- French language skills (additional points)
- Post-secondary education in Canada (additional points)
- Arranged Employment in Canada (additional points)
- Other factors such as adaptability factors
Eligibility Criteria
- Meet the eligibility requirements for at least one of the three federal economic immigration programs.
- Obtain a minimum score on the CRS based on factors such as age, education, work experience, language proficiency, and adaptability.
- Demonstrate sufficient funds to support themselves and any accompanying family members.
Application Process
Eligibility Check
Before you start your application, ensure you meet the eligibility criteria for one of the following programs: Federal Skilled Worker Program (FSWP), Federal Skilled Trades Program (FSTP), Canadian Experience Class (CEC), or a portion of the Provincial Nominee Program (PNP).
Create an Online Profile
You must create an online profile through the Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) website. You will need to provide information about your skills, work experience, language ability, education, and other personal details.
Receive a Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) Score
Based on the information provided in your profile, you will be assigned a CRS score. This score is used to rank candidates in the Express Entry pool. Points are awarded based on factors such as age, education, work experience, language proficiency, and adaptability.
Enter the Express Entry Pool
Once your profile is complete and you have received your CRS score, you will enter the Express Entry pool along with other candidates. Your profile will remain in the pool for up to 12 months or until you receive an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for permanent residence.
Receive an Invitation to Apply (ITA)
Periodically, IRCC conducts draws from the Express Entry pool and issues ITAs to candidates with the highest CRS scores. If you receive an ITA, you will have a limited time (usually 60 days) to submit a complete application for permanent residence.
Submit a Complete Application for Permanent Residence
If you receive an ITA, you must submit a complete application for permanent residence, including all required forms, supporting documents, and fees. You will also need to undergo medical exams and obtain police certificates.
Wait for Processing
Once your application is submitted, IRCC will process it and conduct background checks. Processing times vary depending on the program and the volume of applications being processed.
Receive Confirmation of Permanent Residence (COPR)
If your application is approved, you will receive a Confirmation of Permanent Residence (COPR). This document allows you to become a permanent resident of Canada.
Complete Landing Procedures
After receiving your COPR, you must complete landing procedures, which may include traveling to Canada, presenting your COPR to a border services officer, and undergoing a final check before officially becoming a permanent resident.
Provincial Nominee Program
What is the Provincial Nominee Program (PNP)?
Key Features
Here's an overview of the Provincial Nominee Programs province-wise
- AINP offers various streams including the Alberta Opportunity Stream, Alberta Express Entry Stream, Self-Employed Farmer Stream, and the Alberta Express Entry Stream.
- BC PNP offers several streams including Skills Immigration, Express Entry BC, Entrepreneur Immigration, and the British Columbia Provincial Nominee Program Tech Pilot.
- MPNP includes streams such as the Skilled Worker Stream, International Education Stream, Business Investor Stream, and the Manitoba Experience Pathway.
- NBPNP offers streams including the Express Entry Labour Market Stream, Skilled Workers with Employer Support Stream, Entrepreneurial Stream, and the Post-Graduate Entrepreneurial Stream.
- NLPNP includes streams such as the Newfoundland & Labrador Express Entry Skilled Worker, Skilled Worker Category, International Graduate Category, and the International Entrepreneur Category.
- NTNP offers streams for Skilled Workers, Express Entry, and Business Stream.
- NSNP includes streams such as the Nova Scotia Demand: Express Entry, Nova Scotia Experience: Express Entry, Entrepreneur, and International Graduate Entrepreneur streams.
- OINP offers various streams including the Human Capital Category, Employer Job Offer Category, Business Category, and the Ontario Express Entry.
- PEI PNP includes streams such as the PEI PNP Express Entry, Labour Impact Category, and Business Impact Category.
- SINP offers streams including the International Skilled Worker Category, Saskatchewan Experience Category, and the Entrepreneur and Farm Category.
- YNP includes streams for Skilled Workers, Critical Impact Workers, Business Nominee, and Express Entry.
Application Process
Eligibility Check
Candidates interested in applying to a Provincial Nominee Program must first assess their eligibility based on the specific requirements of the province or territory to which they wish to apply.
Express Entry Alignment (if applicable)
Some PNPs require candidates to have an Express Entry profile and be eligible for one of the federal economic immigration programs (Federal Skilled Worker Program, Federal Skilled Trades Program, or Canadian Experience Class) to be considered for a provincial nomination through an enhanced nomination stream.
Application Submission
Eligible candidates submit an application to the relevant provincial or territorial immigration authority. This application typically includes documentation to support the candidate's qualifications, work experience, language proficiency, and settlement plan.
Nomination
Provincial or territorial authorities review applications and nominate candidates who meet the eligibility criteria and demonstrate the ability to contribute to the local economy and community.
Federal Application for Permanent Residence
Candidates nominated by a province or territory apply for permanent residence through Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC). The federal government assesses the application and conducts medical and security checks before issuing permanent resident status.
Family Sponsorship
Sponsor Eligibility
Eligible Family Members
- Spouses, common-law partners, and conjugal partners.
- Dependent children, including adopted children.
- Parents and grandparents.
- Brothers, sisters, nephews, nieces, or grandchildren who are orphaned, under 18 years old, and not married or in a common-law relationship.
- Other relatives in exceptional cases, such as those listed above who are over 18 and meet certain conditions.
Application Process
- The sponsor submits an application to sponsor the family member, along with the sponsored person's application for permanent residence.
- Both applications are submitted to Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) for processing.
Undertaking
Processing Time
Medical and Criminal Checks
Approval and Permanent Residence
What Is Canada Spouse Visa?
Who Can Be A Sponsor For Canada Spouse Visa?
- Spouse
- Common-Law Partner
- Conjugal Partner
Eligibility Criteria & Requirements For The Sponsor
- Be minimum of 18 years or above in age
- Be a citizen or permanent residency holder in Canada
- Not have been in prison, be bankrupt, under a removal order (in case of a permanent resident) or have charged with a serious offence
- Not have been sponsored to Canada as a spouse within last five years.
Things Need To Follow After Sponsorship Visa
- The sponsor must be financially well to sponsor the applicant, for a minimum period of three years after the applicant has become a permanent residency holder in Canada.
Canada Spouse Visa Processing Time
Parent And Grandparent Program (Parents Visa)
- The sponsor must be a Canadian citizen or a permanent resident of Canada
- The sponsor must have aged 18 years or older
- The sponsor must surpass a minimum wage necessary to support the family for the
- The sponsor must agree to sign an undertaking to recompense any provincial social resource benefits are paid to the sponsor and accompanying family members, for a span of 20 years
- By acceding to the evaluation notices issued by the Canadian Revenue Agency (CRA) to reinforce their funding, sponsors would require confirmation that they met the minimum remuneration requirements, and they should also explain that they've been meeting the minimum income level for three consecutive years. The Canadian residents who want to apply as sponsors for the said program must first complete an online form on the website of Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) to give their attention to applying for the visa category to sponsor their parents or grandparents. Having sent the application form acts as the first major step towards a family scholarship being part of the program. Applicants who have been invited to apply, avail a span of 90 days to capitulate a complete application along with supporting documents.
The Dependent Child Sponsorship Program (Child Visa)
After The Completion Of The Sponsorship Immigration Process
Caregiver Program
Home Child Care Provider Pilot
Home Support Worker Pilot
Here's an overview of the Caregiver Program and its Application Process:
Eligibility Criteria
- Having a Canadian job offer as a home child care provider or home support worker.
- Meeting language proficiency requirements in English or French.
- Having the necessary education and training to perform the caregiving duties.
- Meeting admissibility requirements, including passing medical exams and security checks.
Work Permit Application
Gaining Canadian Work Experience
Application for Permanent Residence
Processing and Approval
Atlantic Immigration Pilot (AIP)
Streams
- Atlantic High- Skilled Program: This stream is for skilled workers with management, professional, or technical/skilled trade experience, who have a job offer from an employer in one of the Atlantic provinces.
- Atlantic Intermediate-Skilled Program: This stream is for individuals with experience in occupations that usually require a high school diploma and/or job-specific training. Applicants must have a job offer from an employer in one of the Atlantic provinces.<
- Atlantic International Graduate Program: This stream is for international students who have graduated from eligible post-secondary institutions in one of the Atlantic provinces. Graduates with a job offer from an employer in the region may apply for permanent residence under this stream.